Antistatic finishing. The quaternary ammonium cation in cationic waterborne polyurethane and its hygroscopicity have a significant antistatic effect, and have significantly better water resistance than carboxyl type polyurethane. At the same time, cationic polyurethane can greatly improve the abrasion resistance and breathability of the fabric. Zhu Jianping and Zhou Xiangdong and others used end-capped aliphatic waterborne polyurethane to react with active hydrogen groups in cationic surfactants to prepare durable antistatic agents. The antistatic agent has good washing resistance and can improve the dyeing fastness of the dye. At the same time, its strong permeability, low usage, coupled with the inherent wear resistance of polyurethane, makes such antistatic agents have broad development prospects. It is suitable for antistatic finishing of polyester, nylon and acrylic fabrics.
Appearance style finishing. Polyurethane finishing agent is used for imitation suede finishing. The fabric has strong skin feel, full and thick hand feel, good toughness, and is breathable and breathable. Compared with the general linen-like fabric finishing agent, the moisture-radiating reactive polyurethane has a lower molecular weight, strong penetration into the fabric, and can react with the fiber and crosslink itself to form a film, so the linen-like effect of the finished fabric is durable and washable. The water-dispersible polyurethane made of natural polysaccharides not only improves the water absorption of the finished fabric, but also does not cause dye fading and discoloration. It is a high-grade fabric-like hemp finishing agent.
Aroma finishing. Polyurethane aromatic microcapsules overcome the problems of formaldehyde in gelatin / guar gum and urea-formaldehyde resin microcapsules, and at the same time overcome the problems of smell and color change of epoxy resin microcapsules. The technology is a new technology of textile fragrance finishing based on polyurethane microcapsule fragrance finishing agent. The product is said to be suitable for all finishing processes of textiles, and some major Italian women's underwear and sportswear manufacturers have used this technology to produce products with scent efficacy. Scholars from Tianjin University of Technology in China have also used the method of interfacial polymerization to prepare aromatic microcapsules using polyurethane as the wall material in an oil-in-water system. The properties of microcapsules and their influencing factors were discussed. . Although polyurethane aromatic microcapsules have many advantages, their fragrance retention time is relatively short.
Polyurethane coating agent. As a breakthrough new technology in the field of fabric finishing, coating finishing technology breaks the limitations of traditional textiles in terms of color varieties, style characteristics, and functions. Through coating finishing, it can give the fabric water repellent and antifouling, wind and heat preservation, flame retardant, shading and radiation protection functions that are not originally available, so that the fabric has a high resilience and soft and plump style, or the fabric has natural leather. Appearance and present a pleasing luster. Compared with other coating materials, polyurethane has emerged with its advantages of strong molecular structure adjustability, good hand feel, strong adhesion, high toughness, fatigue resistance, wear resistance, cold resistance and excellent environmental protection, and has achieved commercial success.
Functional coating finishing. Through the polyurethane release coating treatment, a new waterproof and breathable clothing fabric with soft touch and excellent drape can be obtained. At present, the domestic waterproof and breathable fabrics are mainly polyurethane coated or laminated fabrics of polyester filament plain weave fabrics, which have a large market in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong. Although it is also actively developed in China, the PU moisture-permeable coating materials used are mainly from the United Kingdom, the United States, Belgium, South Korea and Taiwan.
In addition, nano materials can be well dispersed in water-based polyurethane without agglomeration, and its original properties will not be affected in any way. Therefore, the emergence of waterborne polyurethane has greatly promoted the practical application of nano-functional materials in the field of textile dyeing and finishing.
Characteristics of textile printing and dyeing additives industry
Textile printing and dyeing auxiliary products are mainly used in the textile printing and dyeing industry, as an additive for textile printing and dyeing, to improve the textile printing and dyeing quality and increase the added value of textiles. The textile printing and dyeing auxiliary industry is the application technology of fine chemical products in the textile auxiliary printing and dyeing industry. It belongs to the marginal science of chemical industry and printing and dyeing, and has the following industry characteristics:
A. Less fixed investment, greater added value, and greater profits
Auxiliaries is a small branch of fine chemicals, with all the characteristics of fine chemicals. The investment in its fixed assets is closely related to the characteristics of its products. As we all know: textile printing and dyeing aids have many varieties and small tonnages. Their production methods are also different from other organic and inorganic chemicals. They have short processes and few unit reactions. Most of them use compounding technology and emulsification technology. Their synthesis is limited to the key Sexual raw materials, that is, core technology, have smaller output and strong equipment versatility, so the theme fixed asset investment is much smaller than other chemical industries.
In addition, printing and dyeing auxiliaries have fewer equipment and a shorter construction period. Most of the raw materials are purchased from the market and use compounding technology. The production cycle is short. Therefore, it has the characteristics of less input, fast output and quick results.
Printing and dyeing auxiliary is a product designed for a special user group, and it is the end of the chemical product chain. Although its production process is simple, it has extremely high added value and high technical content. From an international perspective, the statistical results of the sales profit margins of the world's 100 largest chemical companies also show that the top 10 high-profit companies are all fine chemicals, reflecting the characteristics of the fine chemical industry with low investment, short investment cycle, and high efficiency.
B. Adopting intermittent multifunctional production device, the equipment has strong versatility
One of the characteristics of chemical production is strong versatility. Unlike the mechanical industry, its unit reaction is nothing more than N unit operations, and the equipment is standard parts, strong versatility, special printing and dyeing additives, most of which use compounding technology The general equipment is just an enamel reactor, storage tank, off-position tank, etc. It is very easy to design a set of equipment for multiple purposes in the process design to reduce investment in fixed assets, avoid continuous large-scale production, use intermittent production, and the market Keep close and produce on demand to avoid unnecessary losses.
C, multiple varieties, small batch
The printing and dyeing auxiliaries products are extremely specific, and their users are in another industry. They design different printing and dyeing auxiliaries for different fabrics, different processes, different production processes, different fabric styles, and there are currently nearly 100 printing and dyeing auxiliaries in the world. There are as many as 15,000 varieties in the category, with an output of about 2.8 million tons. There are more than 1,000 kinds in China, with an output of more than 600,000 tons, which is unmatched by other industries.
This feature is consistent with the characteristics of fine chemicals, because the product has a short production cycle, low investment, high profits, fierce competition, and fast product updates. In addition, the diversified demand of the textile industry is also one of the reasons for this phenomenon.
D. A large number of compounding technologies
In order to meet the needs of various special purposes, many products obtained by chemical synthesis, in addition to processing into multiple dosage forms, often must add a variety of other reagents for compounding. Due to the particularity of the application object, it is difficult to use a single compound to meet the requirements, so the formulation research becomes a decisive factor. The products introduced by the compounding technology have functions such as efficiency enhancement, modification and expansion of application range, and their performance often exceeds that of products with a single structure. Therefore, mastering compounding technology is an extremely important aspect to make textile printing and dyeing auxiliary products have market competitiveness.
E. High requirements for technical services and technical support
Textile printing and dyeing auxiliary belongs to the development and management industry. While vigorously doing a good job in the development of new products and technologies, it also needs to spend more energy to study the application technology of products and provide comprehensive technical services and technical support. The industrialized countries of the world attach great importance to this. Their ratio of technical development, operation management and product sales (including technical services) is roughly 2: 1: 3, and they have good business qualities and the most practical experience. Work with technical services to feed back the information obtained during the sales process to the planning and production departments in time to revise plans, adjust production, ensure the best-selling products, and improve the competitiveness of enterprises.
